With the development of its economic activities, marketing develops as a society. Over the years, the economy has transitioned from a self-sufficiency-based economy to a workforce, urbanization and marketing needs.
During the agricultural economy, the people are basically self-sufficient. They grew up and produced food, clothes, built their own houses, etc. No marketing, because there is no exchange.
However, as time goes by, the concept of division of labor begins to develop. People start to produce more than they need. And, whenever people do more than they want, trading extra items comes into play. But trade is at the heart of marketing.
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First of all, the exchange process is very simple. The focus is mainly on the generation of basic needs. Usually in short supply. The focus on marketing is the lowest bear, and the exchange is very local.
Then there was the marketing era, when some manufacturers began to mass-produce their goods in anticipation of future demand. Marketing developed in the United States as a by-product of the industrial revolution.
So until 1910, the U.S. economy was usually low. The economy is due to the lack of economic resources (commodities). The middleman is very strong. The main problems are production and distribution.
Age after World War I and World War II was modern marketing, when surplus and overproduction became integral to economic activity.
However, in 1929, production of products was lower than expected demand. The main problem is to generate enough time to meet the needs at hand.
Between the 1930s and 1940s (the sales era/depression era), there was sufficient production of consumer goods and services. The main problem at hand is marketing distribution. The focus is on designing the most effective distribution channels among various alternatives.
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Between the 1940s and 1950s (the era of war), all efforts were made to create war equipment for the sacrifice of consumer goods. At the end of the war, consumer goods were short.
The production of consumer goods has begun.
During these periods, various authors proposed different theories. For example, Joe Robinson, who wrote about the monopoly economy.
He believes that if a company can offset its price from its marginal cost in a way that is in a marginal profit and breaks down the market average, such a company will be able to maximize its profits. Later, people became interested in this theory.
There is another author named Wanded Smith. He wrote an article about why people have to segment the market and distinguish products.
His arguments focus on the fact that various companies use different machines in building war equipment. In addition, consumers’ purchasing power and taste are not the same.
During this period, the marketing concept developed. The marketing concept is a business philosophy that states the consumer wants. Satisfaction is an economic and social defense of the existence of a company.
This is the management philosophy of conducting business activities, which treats the entire business activities as a unit of planning to produce goods and services to meet demands to enhance the company’s profits.
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1960s (Age of Marketing Control)
During this period, the Marketing Department became well-known in the United States. The company’s marketing department is too complex to handle by individuals.
In this era, focus on the market. Furthermore, consumerism emerged due to the failure of marketing concepts.
Consumerism is an organized movement of citizens and governments to strengthen buyers’ rights and powers about sellers. Consumers seek to increase the amount of consumer information, education and protection.
1980s (Social Era)
During this period, communication turned the entire world into a global village. The effort is about how to meet demands, and consumers are aware of their rights.
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