The fitness concept of farm animals ranges from the ability to survive now and to the ability to survive in the future to the ability to generate enough capacity to justify the cost of domestication. Homesostatis, physiology, biology and genetic adaptability are concepts of understanding the means of animals coping with their environment.
The concept of energy balance forms the central pivot, which tilts the ambient pressure in different directions to respond. Meanwhile, an animal’s effective response to environmental stress often leads to reduced productivity, even if it is attempted to apply Mechanism A to the expected stress conditions.
The responsibility of producers is to understand the survival and higher productivity of these concepts in stock management by controlling the overbearing impact of the environment.
Wisdomism in defending against cold
Animals can defend against colds in three ways: storing or preserving heat by insulating and increasing heat generation or all combinations.
Given the energy consumption involved, it is more economical to increase body insulation.The differences in species cultured by adaptation facilitate economic modes to support higher body insulation living in cold climates. Body insulation is divided into three categories:1. Peripheral tissue: Through vasoconstriction and vasoconstriction of subiscia, the temperature gradient from the skin surface to the environment can be reduced and with the help of subcutaneous fat.2. Hair type insulation: It all depends on the trapped air, which accounts for more than 95% of the air jacket. The insulation capacity increases with the thickness and air density of the air coating. For example, the temperature of animals and Arctic species tend to develop thick outer layers of air, while most tropical animals have thin air coatings. The temperature along the fur decreases nonlinearly, so as the animal’s body size drops to a certain level, the hair level will decrease. However, wind and rain greatly reduce the efficiency of hair hair as an insulation mechanism. But as the density of the hairstyle increases, the imminent effect of the wind will decrease.Related: The best environment for watermelon growth3. Air insulation: This insulation is caused by air or boundary layer adhering to the hairy surfaces in hairy species and in non-hair species. It goes from one specification to another, almost independent of Body size. The insulation mechanism of the boundary layer decreases with the increase in air velocity.
The mechanism of animal body defense
This can be done by:1. Behavior means, for example, stay away from heat sources, drink plenty of water, and look for sheds or cold surfaces2. Reduce body insulation materials, such as (a) vasodilation to the ears, legs and tongue, as more blood flows to dissipate heat by taking up the advantage of hairlessness in the body. (b) Hair loss: If the ambient temperature is equivalent to body temperature, vascular prose is no longer very effective.3. Increased temperature loss: This occurs from the skin or respiratory tract. Evaporation of the skin is sweating through wise and unwise heat loss.
The loss of heat energy caused by the respiratory tract is often noticed in chickens or dogs.4. If exposed to thermal stress, a lower heat generation rate is achieved. The appetite decreases and the animal consumes a small amount. It also reduces its exercise and thyroid activity. Thyroid regulates basal metabolism to the main heat.5. Increase the reflectivity of the hairstyle to solar radiation. Animals with lighter hairstyles reflect darker colors than coatings. The relative importance of skin and respiratory evaporation varies by characteristics. Sweating animals control the amount of water, while panting animals control a larger amount of total evaporation than the European type of cattle. Also in the breed, the skin and lower respiratory tract evaporation of heat-resistant animals is higher than that of calories.
